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Evolution on Russia's Far East Development Strategy
—From "Eastward" to "Eastward and Northward Together*

Gao Jixiang

Abstract: The Ukrainian crisis has set back Russia's "Westward" strategy of integrating into Europe and made the Russian government set its sights on the East. Starting from the promulgation of the "National Plan for the Social and Economic Development of the Far Eastern Federal District" in 2014, Russia officially implemented the "Eastward Strategy". The system and policy innovations such as "one district, one port" and "one hectare of free land" have yielded good results in attracting investment and immigration, but it was still insufficient in promoting the overall development of the Far East. In the context of global climate change, the Arctic region has become the focus of attention. Accordingly, the Russian government has included the Far East and the Arctic region in a unified framework and launched the development strategy of "Eastward and Northward Together" in its "Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025". With this strategy, Russia intends to take advantage of the rich resources such as minerals and land, the location of the Far East and Arctic region that connect the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, as well as accessibility to the huge consumer market and manufacturing base in the Asia-Pacific region, and comprehensively promote the joint development of the Far East and the Arctic region. Although Russia aims to ensure its interests in the Arctic region and re-establish itself as a great Power in Eurasia, it still faces huge challenges given the practical basis and international environmental constraints.